Question:
What is Lutein?
Answer:
Lutein belongs to a class of antioxidant compounds called carotenoids. Lutein is the primary carotenoid found in the central area of the retina (known as the macula). Consequently, lutein appears to be associated with protection from age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of blindness in older adults.
 
While the roles lutein and zeaxanthin play in the physiology of the eye are not completely known, the links between lutein and eye health are so strong that several national and regional health organizations have recommended an increase in dietary lutein. Lutein is believed to function in two ways: first as a filter of high-energy blue and ultraviolet light, and second as an antioxidant that quenches light-induced free radicals and reactive oxygen species.
 
Lutein and zeaxanthin are found together in many food sources. Dark green leafy vegetables are the primary source, but they are also present in lesser amounts in other colorful fruits and vegetables, including broccoli, orange peppers, corn, peas, persimmons, and tangerines.
 
Unfortunately, diet surveys indicate that few people consume enough of the foods rich in lutein and zeaxanthin.
 
References:
  1. Johnson EJ. The role of carotenoids in human health. Nutr Clin Care 2002 Mar-Apr;5(2):56-65.
  2. Handelman GJ. Carotenoids as scavengers of active oxygen species. In: Cadenas E and Packer L, editors. Handbook of Antioxidants. New York:Marcel Dekker Inc 1996; p 259-314.
  3. Hankinson SE et al. A prospective study of nutrient intake and cataract in women. Brit Med J 1992;305:335-339.
  4. Yeum KJ et al. Measurement of carotenoids, retinoids, and tocopherols in human lenses. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1995;36: 2756-2761.
  5. The Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. Risk factors for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 1992;110:1701-1708.
  6. The Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. Antioxidant status and neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 1993;111:104-109.
  7. Seddon JM et al. Dietary carotenoids, Vitamins A, C., and E, and advanced age-related macular degeneration. J Am Med Assoc 1994;272:1413-1420.